gʷhen-2(ǝ)-

    gʷhen-2(ǝ)-

    English meaning: to hit

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘schlagen”

    Material: nominal formation: gʷhó no-s ‘schlagen”, gʷhn̥ -tó-s “beaten”, gʷhn̥ -tí-s and gʷhn̥ -ti̯ü (?) ‘schlagen”, gʷhen-tel- ‘schläger”, gʷhen-tu̯o-s “occidendus”. O.Ind. hán-ti (newer thematic hanati) “hits, knocks, trifft, erschlägt, slays “, 3. pl. ghn-ánti, Imp. ja-hí, Opt. han-yüt, ghn-īta, perf. jaghána; jaghanvǘ s, gen. jaghn-úṣ-aḥ, pass. hanyáte, participle hatá- “beaten, getötet” (= Av. jata-, Gk. -φατος), hántva-ḥ “to hit, to slay” (: Av. jąϑwa-, O.C.S. žę tva), vr̥tra-hán-, gen. -ghn-áḥ (= Av. vǝrǝϑra-jan-, gen. -ɣ-nō) “den Widerstand niederschlagend”, ghaná- “erschlagend, m. shillelagh, club, mace, joint” (= Gk. ἀνδρο-φόνος, Ltv.gans), saṃ-há-t “ layer “, hatí-ḥ “das Schlagen, blow, knock, Multiplikation” (: Gk. διφάσι-ος, Av.-jaiti-, O.N. guðr, gunnr), hatyǘ (late!) “Tötung” (: O.H.G. gundea, Lith. dial. ginčià ), hantár- “wer einen schlägt or slays “ (= O.C.S. žę teljь); from the heavy basis O.Ind. hanitum (late!) and ghüta- “tötend”, m. “blow, knock, Tötung, Vernichtung”, ghütayati “ slays “; Av. jain-ti (= O.Ind. hánti-) “er hits, knocks, trifft, slays “, Imp. jaiδi, 1. sg. Med. ni-ɣne “I schlage low, base”, Opt. paiti-ɣnīta (= O.Ind. ghnīta) “er möchte kämpfen um”, participle jata- (= O.Ind. hatá-, see above), jąϑwa- “occidendus”, participle perf. Akt. jaɣnvü̊ , Pers. ajanam “I erschlug = besiegte”, 3. sg. aja(n); Av. jana- ‘schlagend”, jantar- “the hits, knocks, slays “, janti- f. “das Schlagen, Erschlagen”, -jaiti- (as 2. compound part) “das Schlagen” (= O.Ind. hati-); Vǝrǝϑrajan- “den Widerstand niederschlagend” = O.Ind. Vr̥tra-han-; Arm. gan, gen. gani (*gʷhe-n) ‘schläge, Prũgel”, ganem “hit, prũgle”, jin ‘stick” (*gʷhen-), jnem “I hit” (about *jinem from *gʷhenō = hánati, Lith. genù, O.C.S. ženǫ ), jnjem “destroy, clean” (from *gʷheni̯ ō = θείνω, Lith. geniù); Gk. θείνω (*gʷhen-i̯ō = Arm. jnjem ‘slay, kill”, Alb. gjanj “jage”, Lith. geniù “ästle ab”) “hit”, θενῶ, ἔθεινα; redupl. ἔπεφνον “tötete”, πέφαται; -φατός in Hom. ἀρηί-φατος (= O.Ind. hatáḥ), also in δίφατον διφάσιον Hes. i.e. “double” (“Mal” = “blow, knock”, also:) δι-φάσι-ος (: O.Ind. hatí- s .above); φόνος “murder” (= Russ. gon), φονή ds., φονεύς “murderer”, ἀνδροφόνος “Männer mordend” (see also Boisacq under φοινός); Alb. gjanj “jage, pursue” (*gʷheni̯ ō); Lat. dēfendō, -ere “abwehren, verteidigen”, offendere “anstoßen, beleidigen”, infensus (participle *infendō) “ hostile “; O.Ir. gonim “verwunde, slay, kill”, perf. 1. sg. gegon, 3. sg. geguin; guin “wound”; O.N. guðr, gunnr f. (= O.Ind. hati-), O.S. gūðea, O.E. gūÞ (*gunÞjō = O.Ind. hatyǘ bis auf den Akzent) “fight, struggle, battle”, O.H.G. gund-fano “Kriegsfahne”; O.N. gandr ‘stick”, Swiss gunten “a kind of wedge”; Nor. dial. gana “die Ä ste an Bäumen abhauen ” as Lith. gene ́ti; Lith. genù (= O.C.S. ženǫ , O.Ind. hánati, Arm. jnem) giñti “drive (cattle auf die willow)”, Ltv. dzenu-, dzìt ds., heavy basis: geniù (= θείνω) genė́-ti “abästeln” and ginù, gìnti “wehren, shield “ (giñti : gìnti, giñtas : gìntas = O.Ind. hatá : ghütá -); to genù Iterat. ganūti “cattle (drive, push =) beware, weiden”; Lith. gãnas, Ltv. gans “herdsman, shepherd” (= O.Ind. ghaná-), gani m. pl. “ willow “, lengthened grade Lith. naktì-gonis m. “Nachtschwärmer”; Lith. genỹs, Ltv. dzenis ‘specht”, Lith. dial. ginčià (= O.Ind. hatyǘ ), giñčas “fight”, giñklas m. “weapon” (*gintlas, compare O.C.S. žę lo from *gindla-), išganù s “heilbringend” (Lith. gáinioti is iterative to giñti; Ltv. dzenis “das in the fork the plowshare eingeklemmte Holz”, dzenulis ‘sting, prick” (compare to meaning under O.C.S. žę lo ‘sting, prick”); O.C.S. ženǫ , gъnati “drive, push” (as Lith. genù), Iter. gonjǫ, goniti “drive, push, hunt, chase”, whereof again poganjati “ pursue “; Russ. etc. gon “ drive, impel, drift, propel, push, thrust, Jagd” (= φόνος), Cz. úhona “ injury, damage”, Serb. prijègon “fight, struggle” (in addition perhaps Clr. honóba “Belästigung, plague”, Sloven. gonóba “damage, ruin”, ugonóba “Vernichtung, Untergang”); O.C.S. žьnjǫ, žę ti (Serb. žȅ ti, also heavy basis) “reap”, žę tva (Serb. žȅ tva) f. “harvest” ( : O.Ind. hántva-); also žę lo (*žę dlo) n. ‘sting, prick”, Pol. žą dɫo ds., Russ. žá ɫo ‘sting, prick, cutting edge a Messers, an axe”; Slav. *gen-tel- m. “reaper, mower” in O.C.S. žę teljь (= O.Ind. han-tár “wer schlägt, slays “); Hitt. ku-en-zi “ slays “ (= O.Ind. hánti), 3. pl. ku-na-an-zi (kunanzi); compare O.Ind. ghnánti (*gʷhn-enti).

    References: WP. I 679 ff., WH. I 332 f., Trautmann 85 f.